The Thermal Stratification of the Extratropical Troposphere
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Moist Convection and the Thermal Stratification of the Extratropical Troposphere
Simulations with an aquaplanet general circulation model show that sensible and latent heat transport by large-scale eddies influences the extratropical thermal stratification over a wide range of climates, even in relatively warm climates with small meridional surface temperature gradients. Variations of the lapse rate toward which the parameterized moist convection in the model relaxes atmosp...
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Water vapor directly affects the dynamics of atmospheric eddy circulations through the release of latent heat. But it is difficult to include latent heat release in dynamical theories because of the associated nonlinearity (precipitation generally occurs where there is upward motion). A new effective static stability is derived that fundamentally captures the effect of latent heat release on mo...
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Experiments with the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM) are used to understand the influence of the stratospheric tropical Quasi-Biennial Oscillation(QBO) in the troposphere. The zonally symmetric circulation in thermal wind balance with the QBO affects high frequency eddies throughout the extratropical troposphere. The influence of the QBO is strongest and most robust in the Nort...
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[1] A vertically high resolved climatology of the thermal and wind structure of the extratropical tropopause region is presented. The climatology is based on data from 80 U.S. radiosonde stations covering the period 1998–2002. Time averages for each radiosonde station are computed using the tropopause as a common reference level for all vertical profiles within the mean. A strong inversion at t...
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